There are few Common diseases of the respiratory system include:

Asthma. Your airways narrow and make too much mucus. A condition in which a person’s airways become inflamed, narrow and swell and produce extra mucus, which makes it difficult to breathe. Asthma can be minor or it can interfere with daily activities. In some cases, it may lead to a life-threatening attack. Asthma may cause difficulty breathing, chest pain, cough and wheezing. The symptoms may sometimes flare up.

Bronchiectasis. Inflammation and infection make your bronchial walls thicker. A condition in which the lungs’ airways become damaged, making it hard to clear mucus. Bronchiectasis may result from an infection or medical condition, such as pneumonia or cystic fibrosis. Mucus builds up and breeds bacteria, causing frequent infections. Symptoms include a daily cough that occurs over months or years and daily production of large amounts of phlegm.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .This long-term condition gets worse over time. It includes bronchitis and emphysema. A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the most common conditions that make up COPD. Damage to the lungs from COPD can’t be reversed. Symptoms include shortness of breath, wheezing or a chronic cough. Rescue inhalers and inhaled or oral steroids can help control symptoms and minimize further damage.

Pneumonia. An infection causes inflammation in your alveoli. They might fill up with fluid or pus. Infection that inflames air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid. With pneumonia, the air sacs may fill with fluid or pus. The infection can be life-threatening to anyone, but particularly to infants, children and people over 65. Symptoms include a cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills and difficulty breathing.

Tuberculosis. A bacterium causes this dangerous infection. It usually affects your lungs but might also involve your kidney, spine, or brain. A potentially serious infectious bacterial disease that mainly affects the lungs. The bacteria that cause TB are spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Most people infected with the bacteria that cause tuberculosis don’t have symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they usually include a cough (sometimes blood-tinged), weight loss, night sweats and fever. Treatment isn’t always required for those without symptoms. Patients with active symptoms will require a long course of treatment involving multiple antibiotics.

Lung Cancer. Cells in your lung change and grow into a tumor. This often happens because of smoking or other chemicals you’ve breathed in. A cancer that begins in the lungs and most often occurs in people who smoke. Two major types of lung cancer are non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Causes of lung cancer include smoking, second-hand smoke, exposure to certain toxins and family history. Symptoms include a cough (often with blood), chest pain, wheezing and weight loss. These symptoms often don’t appear until the cancer is advanced. Treatments vary but may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted drug therapy and immunotherapy.

Cystic fibrosis. This disease is caused by a problem in your genes and gets worse over time. It causes lung infections that don’t go away. An inherited life-threatening disorder that damages the lungs and digestive system. Cystic fibrosis affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat and digestive juices. It causes these fluids to become thick and sticky. They then plug up tubes, ducts and passageways. Symptoms vary and can include cough, repeated lung infections, inability to gain weight and fatty stools. Treatments may ease symptoms and reduce complications. Newborn screening helps with early diagnosis.

Pleural effusion. Too much fluid builds up between the tissues that line your lungs and chest. A build-up of fluid between the tissues that line the lungs and the chest. Fluid can accumulate around the lungs due to poor pumping by the heart or by inflammation. Symptoms include coughing, sharp chest pain or shortness of breath. Treatments include antibiotics, water pills (diuretics) and removal of the fluid.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Your lung tissue becomes scarred and can’t work the way it should. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive lung disease. This condition causes scar tissue (fibrosis) to build up in the lungs, which makes the lungs unable to transport oxygen into the bloodstream effectively. The disease usually affects people between the ages of 50 and 70.

Sarcoidosis. Tiny clumps of inflammatory cells called granulomas form, often in your lungs and lymph nodes. The growth of tiny collections of inflammatory cells in different parts of the body. The growths most commonly occur in the lungs, lymph nodes, eyes and skin. Symptoms vary, depending on the organs affected. Sarcoidosis often goes away on its own. Minimal treatment is required in most cases. For some, it may last for years and lead to organ damage.